News: In India, an unlikely wine industry struggles to take root

In the Indian Sonoma Valley, the heart of a $100 million industry has seen annual growth of more than 25 percent annually since 2003.

A taste for wine is now a sign of sophistication among Indians who have grown wealthy as the economy has boomed, and scores of wineries have opened in recent years to quench their thirst.

The wine business is still relatively small, especially considering India's population of 1.1 billion. In 2006, Indian winemakers sold roughly 940,000 cases of wine domestically and 60,000 cases overseas, up from 530,000 domestic cases and 30,000 overseas in 2003, according to industry figures.

By comparison, American vintners shipped 217 million cases to domestic markets in 2007 and another 50 million cases overseas.

Indian winemakers face a significant challenge gaining a foothold in this country where alcohol is still largely frowned upon for religious and cultural reasons, and many of those who do drink – nearly all men – are just fine with their whiskey-and-sodas.

But winemakers of all sizes, from international spirits giants to mom-and-pop home brewers, see huge potential in India's booming market.

Most Indian bottles cost around $10, making them far more affordable than foreign wines, which can cost several times what they would in Europe or the U.S. due to heavy taxes and import duties. The wine importing business is also murky with gray-market bootleggers and improperly stored bottles, making locally produced wine an attractive option.

With sales accelerating, major global players have recently jumped into the grape-stomping barrel, including Seagram India Ltd., a subsidiary of spirits giant Pernod Richard Group; UB Group, brewer of Kingfisher beer and the world's second-largest alcohol manufacturer; and Diageo India Ltd., owned by the company behind Guinness stout, Johnnie Walker whiskey and Smirnoff vodka.

All three recently launched Indian-made wines, and while it's too soon to tell how they'll shake up the market, the investments indicate a new phase of competition.

How do Indian wines taste? Well, they're fruity, sweet and have a “deficiency in complexity and texture,” according to Stephane Soret, head sommelier at the Imperial, a luxury hotel in New Delhi.

There are now more than 50 wineries in India, nearly all in the western state of Maharashtra, and the wine boom has created a new crop of wine bars, tasting rooms and vineyard tours, which are slowly beginning to attract tourists.

Farmers in Maharashtra are lining up to convert their crops into wine grapes, and fields of merlot and cabernet sauvignon are sprouting across the hills of Nashik, a region with a comfortable climate and friendly regulatory laws. Farmers say their profits have doubled since they started selling to wineries.

Source: In India, an unlikely wine industry struggles to take root; Sam Dolnick ASSOCIATED PRESS

History of Wine

Archaeological evidence suggests that the earliest wine production came from areas in Georgia and Iran, dating from 6000 to 5000 BC. The archaeological evidence becomes clearer in Early Bronze Age sites of the Near East, Sumer and Egypt from around the third millennium BC, where archaeologists have found remains that suggest domestication of the grapevine.

Greece is one of the oldest sites for grape making as well - some ancient Greek texts even describe how the ancient Greeks used partly dehydrated gypsum before fermentation and some type of lime after fermentation to reduce acidity.

In medieval Europe, the Roman Catholic Church was a huge supporter of wine and deemed it necessary for the celebration of Mass. In countries such as Germany, beer was banned and considered pagan and barbaric while wine consumption was viewed as civilized and a sign of conversion.

Source: Wikipedia 2008.

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